Improvement in steam-generatobs



P.'QUINN. STEAM GENERATOR.

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PATRICK QUINN, OF SOUTH NEWMARKET, NEW HAMPSHIRE, ASSIGNOR T0 HIMSELF AND CHARLES R. PAUL, OF SAME PLACE.

Letters Patent No. 75,296, dated Jfarch 10, 1868.

IMPROVEMENT IN STEAM-GENERATORS.

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130 it known that I, PATRICK QUIhN, of South Newmarkct, in the county of Rockingham, and State of' v Hampshire, have invented certain nevi; and useful Improvements in the Construction of Steam-Boilers or K -erators; and do hereby declare the fpllowing to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof, duc reference being bad to the accompanying drawings, making part of-this specification, and in which- Figure 1 is a vertical central andlongitudinal section, and

Figure 2 a top .view or plan of my invention. Figure 3 a side elevation, and

Figure 4 a top view of the generator and superheating-device, with the outer casing or jacket of the generator removed. I

One object I have had in view in making this invention is to superheat the steam, to some extent, in its passage from the generator, and to consequently take it therefrom in a dry state, as it is termed, the advantage of this being well understood and appreciated by engineers and others conversant with the production and use of steam.

Another object sought and accomplished in this invention is to utilize and economize the latent heat containedinthe'smokc and gaseous pro'ducts'of combustion;much of which has'hsretofore-beentosvhy escaping into the chimney, or by not being applied to available points.

The first object, that is, superheating the steam, is accomplished by placing upon the top of the generator,

I which, in the present instance, is an upright-fluegenerator, a spiral or coiled pipe, one end of which communicates with the interior or steam-space of the generator, and the opposite end communicating with the pipe leading to the engine, or object to which the steam is introduced, a circular, perforated-shield or deflector being disposed within the coil to deflect the heat issuing from the generator-fines, about the coil, substantially as hereinafter explained. r v The second-mentioned object of the present invention is attained by enveloping thegencrator with a cylindrical jacket or casing, and combining with such jacket a direct and indirect-smoke-discharge flue, by means of the latter of which the smoke and gases are caused to descend within and circulate about the interior of such jacket, and in contact with the exterior of the generator, by which means their latent heat' is extracted, and a considerable-portion of it expended upon such generator and utilized. I

By referring to the accompanying drawings, above mentioned as illustrating my invention, it will be seen that the generator is shown at A, as composed of a cylindrical shell, a, heads b, and tubes cl d, &c., constructed in the ordinary manner of upright-flue boilers, with the exception of being open ,at the bottom. The fire-box or furnace of such generator is shown at B,'as composed of an annular cylindrical trough or box, of the same diameter as that of the generator, and when applied to the generator, serves as a bottomand as a continuation of the water-space thereof, such fire-box being constructed with the usual grate and fuel-supply door and ashpit. For convenience of securing the fire-box to the shell of the generator, I bolt securely the outer ends of each to an annular flange e orf, the outer circumference of the latter being somewhat larger than the former, in order to serve as a bed or resting-place for the jacket, to be hereinafter referred to. The two flange", eor f, are to be in turn bolted together, as shown in the drawings, thus securely fixing the fire-box to the generator, and at. the same time all w of its ready removal therefrom. for the purpose of substituting a new one, should this become necessary.

The outer and heat-enclosing jacket, before mentioned, is shown at g as composed of a cylindrical shell,-

closed at top, and somewhat larger in diameter than that of the generator which it envelopes, in order to form an annular warm-air chamber, h, between the two, the lower end of the jacket resting upon and being supported in position, in part, by the lower flange f, and the upper flange e, about which it fits tightly. The jacket 9 rises above the top of such generator to such a distance as to form a chambcr,j, above the top of such generator, and between the two, the top of the jacket being provided with a transverse direct, flue, k, for carrying off the smoke and gaseous products of combustion, when kindling a. fire within the furnace, or for meal crating the draught upon such fire. The lateral ilue It communicates with an upright flue, Z, the upper end of which leads to the chimney, 'and thevlower end of which communicates with the lower part of the air-space or chamber i l, by an aperture or opening, on, a damper, 11 being applied within the la eral flue k, between its point of communication with the generator and the flue Z. i

The uperheating-dcriee, to which allusion has before been made, is composed of a spirally-celled pipe, 0, placed nponthc top of the generator. and extending up to or nearly to the top of the jacket and in close proximity to its inner periphery, as shown in the accompanying drawings, the lower extremityof such coiled pipe leading into the steam-space -21 of the boiler, while its upper end is carried through the top of the jacket. from whence it is to be extended to the desired point. An upright annular shield or deflector, q, is placed upon the top of the generator, and within, and circumscribed by the coiled pipe 0, and extends between the top of such generator and the top of the jacket g, and foruis'a tightjoint between the two, and shutting'ofi' communication between the warmair chamber 71. and the direct-draught flue is; the said annular deflector being pierced with a series of holes 2' 1', &c., at or near its top. I

As the steam issues from the generator into and through the coiled pipe 0, which is heated by the products of combustion passing through the generator-Hues, such steam is superheated, and the moisture or water taken up by it, in larger or smaller quantities, is vaporized and utilized, instead of passing 05' in the exhaust. the coiled pipe being a simple, cheap, and very eil'eetiredevice't'or accomplishing this result. 7

'Upon opening the damper n in the lateral flue or pipe is, the draught will be directly upward, through the generator-fines, and into the chimney. By closing the dampern, the current of products of coinhustiom'as they issue from the lines (2 (Z, will come in contact with the deflector q, and be deflected througlrits holes or apertures r r, $26., from whence they will descend into the chamber 11, and be drawn into the upright flue b, and escape into the chimney, thus in their passage impinging against the outer area of the coiled pipe, and heating it, and giring'up their latent heat to and in heating the generator, or water contained therein. The space or chamber 7; thus becomes, not only a warm-air chamber but a flue.

It may be found, in practice, desirable to place in this chamber, and between it and the generator, a spiral partition, in order to cause the products of combustion to circulate.entirely around its area. It is hardly necessary to mention that a safety-valve is to be applied to the generator in any suitable manner.

I would remark here, that an aperture or opening should be made through thewalls of the fire-box, for the purpose of'admitting cold air thereto, and to aid in the combustion of the gases arising from the fire.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States of America, is as follows:

I claim the combination and arrangement of the coiled pipe 0, deflector g, jacket g, and fines is and Z, the whole bein arranged and Operating tog thel to produce the results before described.

PATRICK QUINN.

Witnesses:

Amos PAUL,

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